In Volume 76, No. 1 of the Italian Journal of Economics, Demography and Statistics, Federico Benassi, Massimiliano Crisci, and Stefania Rimoldi published the article “Location quotient as a local index of residential segregation”

“The location quotient (LQ), a ratio of ratios, is a widely known geographic index
(Isard, 1960). It is used to measure and map relative distributions or relative
concentrations of a character in a subarea compared to the area as a whole (Wheeler,
2005). Originally adopted in regional economic studies (Crawley et al., 2013),
recently it has been proposed as a local index in studies of residential segregation of
foreign population (Apparicio et al., 2008; Iglesias-Pascual et al., 2019).” …

The article is published in Open Access mode